Chicken neoplasia—a model for cancer research1

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Abstract
1. The use of animal models has been immensely important for the advancement of our knowledge of the aetiology and pathogenesis of human diseases, including neoplasia. 2. Viruses, as oncogenic agents, were first described in the early 1900s when cell-free filtrates were used experimentally to transmit leukemias and sarcomas in chickens. In more recent years, studies with avian leukosis/sarcoma viruses have led the field in attempts to establish the genetic and molecular basis of viral oncogenesis. 3. Marek's disease of chickens was the first neoplasm proven to be caused by a herpesvirus and it remains the only neoplastic disease for which an effective vaccine has been developed and deployed. It serves as an elegant model as we seek an understanding of the pathogenesis of herpesvirus-induced lymphomas at both the cellular and molecular levels.