Resistance in Triticale to the Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)

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Abstract
The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), has become a serious threat to wheat, Triticum spp., production in the western United States. The use of resistant wheat cultivars as a management strategy for this pest is highly desirable. Thus, several collections of wheat and related species have been tested to locate sources of resistance. The USDA-ARS National Triticale Collection, consisting of 731 lines, was one of the collections tested. Initial mass screening tests were done in greenhouse flats in environmental chambers. Seven triticale, xTriticosecale Wittmack, lines with varying degrees of resistance were identified. Four lines from Russia (PI 386148, PI 386149, PI 386150, and PI 386156) and one line from California (CI 82) were the most resistant in the screening tests. Additional tests were done with all seven lines to determine the mechanisms of resistance. Antibiosis appeared to be the most discernible mechanism of resistance, with significantly lower reproduction occurring on the triticales than on ‘TAM W-101’ wheat, Triticum aestivum L., or ‘Snoopy’ rye, Secale cereale L. Greater levels of resistance in the triticales over ‘TAM W-101’ were observed also in antixenosis and tolerance tests. The Russian triticales have been incorporated into the wheat breeding program for development of germplasm resistant to D. noxia.

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