Giant surface magnetostriction in polycrystalline Ni and NiFe films

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Abstract
We have measured the effective magnetoelastic coupling coefficients, Beff, of polycrystalline NiFe/Ag/Si, NiFe/Cu/Si, and Ni/SiO2/Si films in situ as functions of magnetic layer thickness over the range from 1.5 to 50 nm using magneto‐optic Kerr effect and applied static strain. The Beff’s agree well with bulk values at large thicknesses but take on anomalously large values for thicknesses below about 5 nm. The data are well fit by a Néel model, Beff=Bbulk+Bsurf/(t−t0), where t0 may be related to intermixing at the interface with the substrate (verified by Auger depth profiling). These data suggest that the surface conditions are of enhanced importance in controlling magnetic properties, particularly anisotropy, permeability, and noise, even in films whose compositions are nominally of zero magnetostriction.