Critical conditions influencing sensory conditioning.

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Abstract
Two differences in procedure between an unsuccessful attempt by E. L. Kelley to obtain hallucinations by a conditioning procedure and the writer''s previous successful attempts were examined experimentally. Training normal human subjects by presenting a tone at regular intervals with a gradual onset and termination produced a significantly greater proportion of subjects who reported the tone when it was not present than did similar training in which the tone was presented with sudden onset and termination. Informing the subjects that the tone would not be presented during a test period or informing them of the purpose of the experiment did not produce a significant reduction in the proportion of subjects falsely reporting the tone.

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