Computational and Experimental Studies on the Mechanism of the Photochemical Carbonylation of Group 6 Fischer Carbene Complexes
- 7 October 2005
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Chemistry – A European Journal
- Vol. 11 (20) , 5988-5996
- https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200400944
Abstract
The photocarbonylation reaction of Group 6 Fischer carbene complexes has been studied by DFT and experimental procedures. The process occurs by intersystem crossing (ISC) from the lowest excited singlet state (S1) to the lowest triplet state (T1), the latter structure being decisive for the outcome of the reaction. Methylenepentacarbonylchromium(0) complexes, alkoxypentacarbonylchromium(0)carbene complexes, and alkoxyphosphinetetracarbonylchromium(0) carbene complexes have coordinatively unsaturated chromacyclopropanone T1 structures with a biradical character. The evolution of the metallacyclopropanone species occurs by a jump (spin inversion) to the S0 hypersurface by coordination of a molecule of the solvent, leading to ketene‐derived products in the presence of ketenophiles or reverting to the starting carbene complex in their absence. The T1 excited states obtained from methylenephosphinetetracarbonylchromium(0) complexes and pentacarbonyltungsten(0)carbene complexes are unable to produce the carbonylation. The reaction with ketenophiles is favored in coordinating solvents, which has been tested experimentally in the reaction of alkoxypentacarbonylchromium(0) complexes and imines. La reacción de fotocarbonilación de complejos de tipo Fischer del grupo 6 se ha estudiado mediante DFT y procedimientos experimentales. El proceso ocurre por cruce intersistémico (ISC) desde el estado excitado singlete (S1) al estado triplete de más baja energía (T1). La estructura de este triplete es decisiva para el resultado de la reacción. Los tripletes T1 de los complejos metilenopentacarbonilcromo(0), alcoxipentacarbonilcromo(0)carbeno y alcoxifosfinotetracarbonilcromo(0)carbeno tienen estructuras de cromaciclopropanona coordinativamente insaturadas con un carácter birradicálico. La evolución de estas especies metalociclopropanónicas ocurre mediante el salto (inversión de espin) a la hipersuperficie S0 por coordinación con una molécula de disolvente, produciendo productos derivados de cetenas, en presencia de cetenófilos o revertiendo al complejo metal‐carbeno de partida en la ausencia de estos. Los estados excitados T1 derivados de complejos metilenfosfinotetracarbonilcromo(0) y pentacarbonilwolframio(0) no carbonilan. La reacción con cetenófilos se favorece en disolventes coordinantes. Este hecho se ha comprobado experimentalmente en la reacción de complejos alcoxypentacarbonilcromo(0) e iminas.Keywords
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