Arthropod-Borne Encephalitis in the United States, 1957

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Abstract
During 1957, surveillance of arthropod-borne encephalitis revealed 229 confirmed and presumptive human cases, which is fewer than had occurred during the previous year. However, an increase in reported equine cases over 1956 was noted. The only major epidemic occurred in Cameron County, Texas, involving 119 cases of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE). Five cases of Eastern encephalitis (EE) in humans were reported and an epizootic among horses occurred along the Gulf States. Human cases of Western encephalitis (WE) were centered about the Denver area, while the sum of virus activity in man, animals, birds, and mosquitoes for both SLE and WE was widely distributed throughout the country. SLE continued to be the major public health problem among arthropod-borne encepha-litides with confirmed cases in 7 states including the Texas epidemic. Several advances toward ultimate control of these diseases were made by better understanding of host and vector potentialities and the influence of meteorological conditions on viral spread.

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