Catastrophic injury secondary to the use of coaxial gas‐cooled fibers and artificial sapphire tips for intrauterine surgery: A report of five cases

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Abstract
Five women undergoing endometrial ablation with the Nd‐YAG laser developed sudden gas embolism. In each case laser intrauterine contact surgery was carried out utilizing coaxial fibers with (three cases) and without (two cases) artificial sapphire tips but commonly cooled by air or nitrogen. Four of the five women died in a sequence of sudden cardiovascular collapse followed by irreversible cardiac arrest. One woman was critically ill and following prolonged hospitalization survived with neurological deficits.