A method for the detection of clouds using AVHRR infrared observations

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Abstract
A method is proposed for cloud detection over sea using a single infrared channel of a high spatial resolution satellite radiometer. The method combines a spatial coherence test and an absolute threshold test for the temperature field. The threshold for the second test is automatically determined by a histogram analysis of data which were preselected by the coherence test. The coherence test used differs from the classical standard deviation test in the way of the test value computation: the weight of the pixel to be investigated is increased. A simulation shows that under conditions of low cloud cover this makes the proposed coherence test more sensitive than the standard deviation test. When applied to real data the test was also found to be very sensitive compared with visible and IR threshold tests. Cloud cover obtained by the whole method is finally compared with that resulting from the visible and IR histogram analysis procedure of Phulpin et al. This comparison indicates a high reliability of the proposed method.

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