The responses of rat intestinal mucosa,epithelial cell renewal and plasma lipoprotein to intravenous feeding.

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Abstract
Little is known about how the presence of food in the intestinal tract influences the structural and functional integrity of the small intestine. Although the morphologic or functional events of changes in the intestinal tract were well defined in the absence of food, it has been impossible to separate the effects of the absence of food from the effects of starvation, and less is known concerning the mechanism by which the effect of oral intake behavior is mediated. Healthy young rats were fed on fat-free diets, 85% of the energy of which derived from glucose and 15% from amino acids. The composition of the i.v. infusates was adequate to maintain body weight during a 6-day experimental period. Mucosal wet and dry weight, and mucosal protein content were highest when the diet was given orally, intermediate when given i.v. and lowest when fasting. The DNA content of mucosa was significantly lower following i.v. feeding or fasting than after oral feeding, and there was no significant difference between i.v. feeding and fasting. The composition of mucosal protein following i.v. feeding differed from that following oral feeding or fasting. The migration of jejunum epithelial cells was prolonged following i.v. feeding compared with that after oral feeding. The values of plasma albumin and glucose concentration showed no differences between the i.v. and oral feeding groups. In contrast, i.v. feeding greatly lowered the total plasma cholesterol, HDL[high density lipoprotein]-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/LDL[low density lipoprotein]-cholesterol ratio. LDL-cholesterol levels were not changed.

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