A peptide as a possible transmitter in sympathetic ganglia of the frog.

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Abstract
A search was made in sympathetic ganglia of the bullfrog for a noncholinergic, nonaminergic transmitter that is released by a distinct group of preganglionic axons. These initiate a late slow excitatory postsynaptic potential which lasts for many minutes. The most promising candidate for the role of transmitter is a peptide that resembles luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH; luliberin). The reasons are: LHRH (1 .mu.M) and some of its analogs cause a slow depolarization of ganglion cells. Radioimmunoassays established that 100-800 pg of a LHRH-like substance is contained in the lumbar chain of sympathetic ganglia. The LHRH-like material is specifically distributed in those spinal nerves that contain axons that initiate the slow noncholinergic synaptic responses. Five days after ipsilateral preganglionic axons are cut, 95% of the LHRH-like substance disappears from ganglia, while the LHRH immunoreactivity triples in the spinal nerves proximal to the cut region. About 0.6% of the LHRH-like material within ganglia can be collected from the perfusate after 30 min of incubation in isotonic KCl; this release is Ca dependent. The candidate for transmitter has several chemical characteristics of a peptide and has a MW near 1000.