Ion-Excited GermaniumL-Series X-Ray Spectra

The Ge $L{\alpha }_{1,2}$ and $L{\beta }_1$ spectra obtained by ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ ion bombardment at 3.0 and 5.0 MeV have major satellite peaks which correspond in energy with those appearing in photon- or electron-excited spectra. Many new satellite peaks can be observed in the ion-induced spectra because of enhanced multiple-vacancy production. An interpretation based on Hartree-Fock-Slater calculations for multiple $3d$ vacancies gives over-all good agreement for the observed satellite groups for both $L{\alpha }_{1,2}$ and $L{\beta }_1$ spectra; however, multiplet calculations are necessary to identify the various satellite components. The continuous satellite structure produced by ${}_{}{}^{20}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ bombardment on Ge at 3.0, 5.0, and 10.0 MeV shows strong self-absorption effects. Published absorption data and variable-take-off-angle experiments were both used to correct for self-absorption. Satellite peaks occur at energies corresponding to multiple ${\mathrm{}\left(3d\right)\mathrm{}}^n$ plus $N$-shell vacancies where $n$ has values of 4, 5, and 6. Satellite lines have also been identified corresponding to production of ${\mathrm{}\left(2p\right)\mathrm{}}^2$ vacancies by neon bombardment.