Mx proteins in blood leukocytes for monitoring interferon beta-1b therapy in patients with MS

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Abstract
Objective: To correlate Mx protein (Mx) levels in lysed blood leukocytes with the clinical response to interferon (IFN) beta-1b (IFNβ-1b) in relapsing–remitting MS (RR-MS) patients for monitoring treatment. Background: Intracellular Mx expression is exclusively induced by the type I IFNs (IFN-α, -β, and -ω) or by viruses and is strongly increased under IFN treatment. Quantitative determination of Mx allows objective assessment of biological effects of IFN. Methods: Mx protein levels were measured in blood leukocyte lysates from IFNβ-1b-treated RR-MS patients by ELISA and correlated to clinical parameters, including relapse rate and clinical deterioration. Results: In stable IFNβ-1b-treated MS patients, Mx levels were significantly increased compared to patients with or without immunosuppressive treatment. In IFNβ-1b-treated MS patients during relapse, Mx levels were significantly lower than during stable phases of the disease. Mean values of Mx (MVMx) over time of treatment in patients with a reduction of relapse rate were significantly higher than in patients without response. Conclusion: Mx levels in lysed blood cells may represent a useful surrogate marker for IFNβ-1b activity corresponding to the clinical response during treatment of MS.