Energy-Level Shifts in CaF2–Nd3+

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Abstract
Shifts of the energy levels of neodymium towards lower energies are observed for three oxygen‐compensated sites of calcium fluoride. The relation between this effect and the formation of weak covalent bonds involving the f orbitals is recalled. A significant difference of shifts is pointed out between two neodymium sites arising from double oxygen compensation. This difference is accounted for by symmetry considerations determining the possibility for neodymium to establish bonds with the two oxygen ions.