An Outbreak of Parainfluenza 2 (Croup-Associated) Virus Infection

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Abstract
An outbreak of parainfluenza 2 (croup-associated) virus infection occurred during the spring of 1960 among a group of homeless but otherwise normal children who ranged in age from 6 to 53 mo. The outbreak was not recognized clinically but rather as a result of testing throat-swab specimens collected routinely three times weekly from all children whether ill or well. Ten of 15 children from whom parainfluenza 2 virus was isolated developed an acute undifferentiated febrile illness (with rectal temperatures of 38.1 C [100.6 F] or greater) at the time of initial infection. The association was such as to leave little doubt that it represented an etiologic relationship. Only one of the children infected with parainfluenza 2 virus developed croup, the syndrome from which the virus originally derived its name.

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