Efferent innervation of the small intestine by adrenergic neurons from the cervical sympathetic and stellate ganglia, studied by retrograde transport of peroxidase

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Abstract
The nervous pathways between the small intestine of cat and guinea pig and various sympathetic ganglia were investigated by the retrograde horse-radish peroxidase (HRP) technique. HRP was injected at multiple sites in the wall of the duodenum and the first third of the jejunum. At 1-5 days after the injections, the HRP reaction product was searched for in various sympathetic ganglia. Not only the celiac and nodose ganglia, but also the superior cervical, medial cervical, stellate and thoracic ganglia contained HRP-positive nerve cells. Crushing the cervical vagal nerve prevented the occurrence of HRP-reaction in the cervical ganglia, indicating tht the HRP was transported from the gut to the cervical ganglia via axons in the vagal nerve. The sympathetic ganglia in the neck (superior and medial cervical ganglia and stellate ganglia) send efferent fibers to the small intestine.