Wear-induced phase transformation in yttria stabilized zirconia: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies

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Abstract
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to study near-surface phase transformation in yttria stabilized zirconia subjected to sliding wear. Characteristic differences are observed in the valence bands of the tetragonal and the monoclinic phases of zirconia. These valence bands have been used as ‘‘fingerprints’’ to monitor phase transformation during wear under different loading conditions. Conventional and glancing angle x-ray diffraction techniques were found inadequate to detect this phase transformation.