Inhibition of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway Improves Response of Long-term Estrogen-Deprived Breast Cancer Xenografts to Antiestrogens

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Abstract
Purpose: Aromatase inhibitors that block the synthesis of estrogen are proving to be superior to antiestrogens and may replace tamoxifen as first-line treatment for postmenopausal estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer patients. However, acquisition of resistance to all forms of treatments is inevitable and a major clinical concern. In this study, we have investigated the effects of long-term estrogen deprivation in the breast cancer xenograft model and whether sensitivity to antiestrogens can be restored in vivo. We also compared whether combining wortmannin with tamoxifen or fulvestrant inhibited tumor growth better than either drug alone.

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