Blazed dielectric gratings with high beam-coupling efficiencies

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Abstract
By using microwave models of optical gratings, we have realized dielectric gratings with asymmetric triangular or trapezoidal profiles that exhibit beam-coupling efficiencies in excess of 90% over wide ranges of frequencies and grating parameters. These desirable properties are consistent with the behavior predicted by a Bragg scattering analysis of the grating operation, as well as with numerical data provided by an exact solution.