Solid state quantum computer development in silicon with single ion implantation

Spawned by the finding of efficient quantum algorithms, the development of a scalable quantum computer has emerged as a premiere challenge for nanoscience and nanotechnology in the last years. Spins of electrons and nuclei in ${}^{\mathrm{31}}\mathrm{P}$ atoms embedded in silicon are promising quantum bit (qubit) candidates. In this article we describe single atom doping strategies and the status of our development of single atom qubit arrays integrated with control gates and readout structures in a “top down” approach. We discuss requirements for ${}^{\mathrm{31}}\mathrm{P}$ qubit array formation by single ion implantation, and integration with semiconductor processing.