Induced Salivation in Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

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Abstract
Stylet thrusting activity was induced in Meloidogyne incognita, Heterodera schachtii, and Aphelenchus avenae by treatment with toluene, xylene, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, guaiacol, caffeic acid, and serotonin. M. incognita, H. schachtii, and Xiphinema americanum also produced stylet and/or amphidial exudate that was visible when the incubation medium contained one of these compounds and Coomassie Blue. Anterior extensions of the subventral esophageal glands became swollen and packed with secretory granules when the nematodes were treated with a number of the same compounds. Ultrastructure of the glands and of secretory granules in treated nematodes did not differ significantly from that of the controls. Stylet movement and exudation was induced in M. incognita by 40 ppm aldicarb but gland stimulation was not.