Welfare-to-work: national problems, local solutions?

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Abstract
Local programme design and service delivery are increasingly playing a key role in establishing the policy vocabulary for welfare-to-work. Local experimentation—often described as searching for ‘ideas that work’—is an approach to policy-making which is gaining favour amongst policymakers because it is believed to be a source of innovation and ‘best practice’. As a result, local experimentation has become a leading source of new policy conventions and reform prototypes in welfare-to-work. This article presents a review and critique of the Anglo-American welfare-to-work orthodoxy, focusing on the methodologies and labourmarket implications of six ‘local models’ that frequently are cited as examples of ‘best practice’ in the field. We conclude by assessing the direction in which these local models are moving welfare reform debates both within their home countries and abroad.

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