Effects of internal mechanical stress on the electromechanical properties of ferroelectric ceramics

Abstract
Grain size and internal stress effects in perovskite-type ceramics are reviewed. As well in soft as in hard PZT-based ceramics a clear influence on the high- and weak-signal electromechanikal properties is distinguished. The explanation is given by different domain configurations and internal mechanical stresses. Near the MPB an alternative stress compensation mechanism and in hard PZT ceramics the anomalous field dependence of piezomodul were found.