An Initial Investigation of Translucency, Transparency, and Component Complexity of Blissymbolics

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Abstract
Blissymbols are currently being used by a variety of special education programs for children and adults with communication impairments. However, there is little available research on the learnability of such systems in general, and the Bliss system in particular. The present study was designed to answer some basic questions about the psycholinguistic and learning characteristics of blissymbols. Two hundred symbols (14% of all existing symbols) were rated by college students for their inherent guessability (transparency) and also for the amount of perceived relationship between the symbol (translucency) and the symbol's meaning (gloss). The results indicate that the blissymbols are low in iconicity but that they are relatively translucent, and that translucency is related to component complexity. These findings are related to the learnability of the symbols and represent the first steps toward the development of a primary lexicon based on learnability characteristics in conjunction with other features.