Polymorphism of DCDC2 Reveals Differences in Cortical Morphology of Healthy Individuals—A Preliminary Voxel Based Morphometry Study

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Abstract
Objective The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether there is an association between the putative reading disability (RD) susceptibility gene Doublecortin Domain Containing 2 (DCDC2), and gray matter (GM) distribution in the brain, in a sample of healthy control individuals. Method Fifty-six control subjects were genotyped for an RD-associated deletion in intron 2 of DCDC2. Voxel based morphometry (VBM) was used to examine structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to assess GM differences between the two groups. Results Individuals heterozygous for the deletion exhibited significantly higher GM volumes in reading/language and symbol-decoding related brain regions including superior, medial and inferior temporal, fusiform, hippocampal/parahippocampal, inferior occipito-parietal, inferior and middle frontal gyri, especially in the left hemisphere. GM values correlated with published data on regional DCDC2 expression in a lateralized manner. Conclusions These data suggest a role for DCDC2 in GM distribution in language-related brain regions in healthy individuals.