Growth in vitro of Parvatrema timondavidi Bartoli 1963 (Trematoda: Gymnophallidae) from the metacercarial stage to egg production

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Abstract
Metacercariae of Parvatrema timondavidi were successfully cultivated in vitro to adults which produced eggs capable of embryonation and miracidial formation. The worms were grown in NCTC 109 supplemented with 20% inactivated bovine or chicken serum with a gas phase of 8% CO2 in air at 37 or 41°C. The use of the roller tube technique produced considerable promotion of growth in the worms. Heat inactivated bovine serum had a more salutary effect than unheated serum.