Hypocapnia

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Abstract
Hypocapnia, defined as low partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide, is usually well tolerated and often has no apparent effects. Although transient induction of hypocapnia can be lifesaving in patients with severe intracranial hypertension or neonatal pulmonary-artery hypertension, prolonged hypocapnia may adversely influence outcome. In this article, Laffey and Kavanagh review the prevalence and pathogenesis of hypocapnia, as well as the role of hypocapnia in clinical medicine.