Solid solution in ferroelectric glass-ceramics

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Abstract
Glass-ceramics containing PbTiO3 crystals precipitated at 600° C were found to show no effects of solid solution when La2O3 or Nb2O3 were added to the glass melt. The electrical properties of the glass-ceramics could be explained by assuming that pure PbTiO3 crystals were precipitated in a glass matrix but that the properties were strongly affected by the degree of nucleation. Further experiments showed that (Pb, Ba)TiO3 does form at 600°C from a mixture of PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 with a small amount of added glass, so it was concluded that, under the conditions of glass-ceramic formation, there is no kinetic barrier against cation re-distribution and PbTiO3 must be the equilibrium phase.