Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity of nickel oxides and nickel‐copper oxides to rat, mouse, and dog pulmonary alveolar macrophages

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Abstract
Metal oxides containing either Ni alone (NiO's) or both Ni and Cu (Ni‐CuO's) are encountered during Ni refining. Six NiO compounds calcined at temperatures ranging from rat ∼ mouse, with dog AM being most sensitive. The observed differences in species sensitivities correlated with differences in the phagocytic abilities of dog, rat, and mouse AM, with the ranking of phagocytic abilities of the AM in decreasing order of ability being dog > rat > mouse.