Anthelmintic Activity of 3-methyl-5-[(p-nitrophenyl)azo]rhodanine

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Abstract
A new antiparasitic agent, 3-methyl-5-[(p-nitrophenyl) azo] rhodanine, "Nitrodan," was effective when administered in feed against Hymenolepis nana and Syphacia obvelata infections in mice, Ascaridia galli infections in chickens, and Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma caninum, and Uncinaria stenocephala infections in dogs. This drug was not effective against Aspiculuris tetraptera, Nematospiroides dubius, and Nippostrongylus muris in mice or Toxascaris leonina in dogs. Nitrodan fed for 21 days at levels of 250 to 1,000 ppm produced significant destrobilization of H. nana in mice but removed few of the scolices. Levels of 500 to 1,000 ppm nitrodan fed for 21 days were 86 to 90% effective in reducing the numbers of adult and immature S. obvelata in mice. Nitrodan administered at 250 and 500 ppm for 4 weeks against artificial laboratory infections of A. galli was 59 and 94% effective. Comparable levels of 230 and 460 ppm nitrodan fed for 6 weeks or longer under field conditions were 94 to 100% effective which indicated that lengthening the feeding period increased efficacy. In dogs, nitrodan exhibited activity against T. canis, A. caninum, and U. stenocephala by reducing egg production prior to promoting gradual elimination of the worms. Nitrodan levels of 100 to 500 ppm rapidly reduced T. canis egg production and worm burdens, and produced efficient, but not complete, removal of both hookworm species in 4 to 8 weeks. A method of initial drug evaluation using 5 species of helminths in mice is also presented.