DC Characteristics of Electroluminescent Evaporated ZnS:Mn, Cu, Cl Films

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Abstract
Electroluminescent cells are prepared by evaporation of ZnS:Mn, Cu, Cl onto tin oxide-coated glass substrates, subsequent heat treatment at greater than 600°C, evaporation of an Al electrode, and finally complete forming by application of positive voltage to the Al electrode. There is an indication that after deposition the Cu concentration is higher adjacent to the substrate, and that Cu is redistributed by the heat treatment. Forming occurred also, if an oxide film is deposited before the Al. It is likely that Cu ions drift during forming causing shorting paths of Cu to be opened near the Al electrode. The presence of a high resistance layer between the Cu and Al is required to initiate the migration of Cu. An exp √V dependence of current on voltage is found, suggesting Schottky emission of electrons from Cu to ZnS. The ratio of brightness to current exhibits an exp √1/V dependence on voltage.