Effect of Inhibitors and Inducers of Microsomal Enzymes on the Toxicity of Carbamate Insecticides to Mice and Insects1

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Abstract
The effect of pretreatment of white mice with microsomal inhibitors and inducers on the acute toxicity of carbaryl, Dimetilan and UC 20047 A exo-5-chloro-y-oxo-endo-2 norbornanecarbonitrile-0-(methylcarbamoyl)oxime was examined. Although the mortality because of carbaryl was significantly increased following pretreatment with SKF 525=A (2-(diethylamino)ethyl-2,2-diphenyl valerate hydrochloride), this microsomal inhibitor did not significantly alter the toxicity of Dimetilan and UC 20047 A at the LD50 levels utilizing rather rigid statistical methods for measurement of interaction. Pretreatment of mice with ethanol resulted in increased susceptibility to carbaryl. Pretreatment of mice with DDT and phenobarbital protected mice against subsequent treatment with carbaryl. Pretreatment of 3 species of insects (The house fly; (Musca domestica L.,; the American cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.); and the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta (Johannson), with compounds known to increase microsomal activities in mammals either had no effect on the toxicity of carbamate insecticides (carbaryl, Dimetilan, UC 20047 A, or Zectran) (4-dimethylamino-3,5-xylyl methyl-carbamate) or potentiated toxicity.