EFFECT OF ADJUVANTS ON A NONVIABLE ANTITUBERCULOSIS VACCINE AND ON LIVE BCG

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Abstract
The effects of various oily and nonoily adjuvants on a nonviable, solvent-extracted, sensitizing, antituberculosis vaccine and the effect of one adjuvant on BCG were assayed in mice. The BCG used in the study consisted of young growths on solid medium. A recently described regression method was employed in most of the reported comparisons. BCG in "weak" adjuvant immunized better than BCG in water. BCG in weak adjuvant and the nonviable vaccine in a Freund type of adjuvant produced immunity levels that were not significantly different. (The Freund type of adjuvants contained n-hexadecane, unless otherwise stated.) An optimal vaccine-adjuvant ratio proved important for the emulsion of the nonviable vaccine and Freund type of adjuvant. Two adjuvants of the Freund type, 1-containing 7-n-hexyloctadecane rather than n-hexadecane, were compared as potentiators of the nonviable vaccine. The adjuvant containing n-hexadecane proved superior. Aluminum phosphate and aluminum hydroxide were tested as nonoily adjuvants with the nonviable vaccine. Aluminum phosphate was the better. There was no significant difference between aluminum phosphate and the Freund type of adjuvant as an enhancer of the nonviable vaccine.