Early phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity is required for late activation of protein kinase Cε in platelet-derived-growth-factor-stimulated cells: evidence for signalling across a large temporal gap

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Abstract
At least two signalling systems have the potential to contribute to the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) family members such as PKC∊. One of these is phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), whose lipid products activate PKC∊ in vitro and in living cells. The recent observation that there are multiple waves of PI 3-kinase and PKC∊ activity within the G0-to-S phase interval provides a new opportunity to investigate the relationship between these two signalling enzymes in vivo. We have assessed the relative importance of the early and late waves of PI 3-kinase activity for the corresponding waves of PKC∊ activity. Blocking the first phase of PI 3-kinase activity inhibited both early and late activation of PKC∊. In contrast, the second wave of PI 3-kinase activity was dispensable for late activation of PKC∊. These findings suggested that early PI 3-kinase activation induced a stable change in PKC∊, which predisposed it to subsequent activation by lipid cofactors. Indeed, partial proteolysis of PKC∊ indicated that early activation of PI 3-kinase led to a conformation change in PKC∊ that persisted as the activity of PKC∊ cycled. We propose a two-step hypothesis for the activation of PKC∊ in vivo. One step is stable and depends on PI 3-kinase, whereas the other is transient and may depend on the availability of lipid cofactors. Finally, these studies reveal that PI 3-kinase and PKC∊ are capable of communicating over a relatively long time interval and begin to elucidate the mechanism.