Genomic profiling of Mixer and Sox17β targets during Xenopus endoderm development

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Abstract
The transcription factors Mixer and Sox17β have well‐characterized roles in endoderm specification during Xenopus embryogenesis. In order to more thoroughly understand the mechanisms by which these endodermal regulators act, we expressed Mixer and Sox17β in naïve ectodermal tissue and, using oligonucleotide‐based microarrays, compared their genomic transcriptional profile to that of unaffected tissue. Using this approach, we identified 71 transcripts that are upregulated by Mixer or Sox17β, 63 of which have previously uncharacterized roles in endoderm development. Furthermore, an in situ hybridization screen using antisense probes for several of these clones identified six targets of Mixer and/or Sox17β that are expressed in the endoderm during gastrula stages, providing new and regional markers of the endoderm. Our results contribute further insight into the functions of Mixer and Sox17β and bring us closer to understanding at the molecular level the pathways that regulate endoderm development. Developmental Dynamics 235:368–381, 2006.