Solvent Effect on the Dissociation of Benzoic and Nitrobenzoic Acids in Acetonitrile–Water Mixtures at 298 K

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Abstract
The thermodynamic dissociation constants and the limiting molar conductivities of 2-, 3-, and 4-nitrobenzoic and benzoic acids have been determined in water–acetonitrile mixtures at 298 K. It is found that the acids dissociate in the dereasing order as 2-nitrobenzoic acid > 3-nitrobenzoic acid≈4-nitrobenzoic acid > benzoic acid. The conductance–concentration data were analyzed with the Lee and Wheaton equation. The present results are compared with the previous ones for these acids in alcohol–water system, and are interpretted in terms of solute–solvent interactions, intramolecular hydrogen bondings, resonance and inductive effects along with the substituent position.