Adaptation and Other Phenomena in the Optokinetic Response of the Crab, Carcinus

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Abstract
1. Adaptation to oscillatory stimuli is significant in the range 1-10/sec., for angular amplitudes of about 1°. The mechanism for perception of slow components remains unchanged when that to fast components is eliminated by adaptation. 2. Spontaneous leg movements are accompanied by a temporary increase in gain, showing a central control of the gain. 3. All eye movements are in two dimensions and components in the vertical plane appear similar to those in the horizontal plane, except that in the vertical plane the maximum range is over about 5° and there is no fast return phase. 4. The eye position is less stable in the dark. A single small light giving 0.0003 lux is sufficient to remove low-frequency components from the spontaneous eye movements 5. An imposed tremor of amplitude 0.2-2.0° and period 1-10 sec. is sufficient to make stationary stripes, which would otherwise be ineffective, have an inhibitory effect on movements of the other eye. 6. A new form of arthropod eye movement, saccadic flicks, can be a sign of arousal and attention. 7. Optokinetic responses are a consequence of the visual stabilization of the eye.

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