Pharmacokinetics of Fluoride Gels in Children and Adults

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Abstract
Plasma fluoride (F) concentration and urinary F excretion were studied in 8 children and 5 adults following topical application of three different types of F gel, (Luride® 1.23% F, Gel II® 1.23% F, Fluor gel 0.1% F). The amount of F gel applied to each child was 3.33 ± 0.05 g (mean ± SD). The amount of F ingested was 31.2 ± 6.4 mg. The fraction of ingested F not recovered in the urine was 26.4 ± 4.2 mg. After 1 h the plasma F concentration in the children ranged from 300 to 1,443 ng/ml (16–76 μM/l) and remained high after 2h. The adults received 5 g gel (61.5 mg F) resulting in plasma F levels ranging from 300 to 950 ng/ml (16–50 μM/l). When individual trays were used, the plasma F concentration never exceeded 230 ng/ml (12 μM/l). The bioavailability of F from one F gel was tested in 1 subject and found to be complete. The results show that topical application of 1.23% F gels may result in plasma F levels high enough to cause a decrease in urinary concentration ability. Consequently, F gels with a high F concentration should not be used excessively and not be encouraged as home care treatment especially in children.

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