Free-electron-laser radiation induced by a periodic dielectric medium

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Abstract
Stimulated emission by an unaccelerated electron beam propagating through a periodically modulated dielectric is studied. The laser gain in the low-gain regime is calculated for the case of a cold, tenuous electron beam by applying the Einstein-coefficient technique in the classical limit ħ→0. In the high-gain, strong-pump regime equations for the evolution of the electron beam dynamics and of the radiation are developed using a self-consistent, one-dimensional model for the interaction. Analytic calculations of the small-signal gain, and numerical computations of the nonlinear saturation characteristics, are presented.