Team building and cohesiveness in the sport and exercise setting: Use of indirect interventions

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Abstract
The general focus in this paper is on indirect team building intervention strategies to enhance cohesiveness in sport and exercise groups. Initially, the objectives for team building interventions are presented. Then, an overview of the distinction between direct and indirect intervention strategies is discussed. Following this, a conceptual model for the development of team building in sport and exercise groups is introduced. Research in which the conceptual model has been used with exercise and sport groups is then outlined. Finally, suggestions for future research and application in the area of team building in sport and exercise are advanced. Naturally there arc going to be some ups and downs, particularly if you have individuals trying to achieve at a high level. But when we stepped in between the lines, we knew what we were capable of doing. When a pressure situation presented itself, we were plugged into one another as a cohesive unit. That's why we were able to come back so often and win so many close games. And that's why we were able to beat more talented teams. (Jordan, 1994. p. 23)