Hard-Water Syndrome

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Abstract
HEMODIALYSIS has become an increasingly common therapeutic maneuver during the past decade. Concomitant with the more frequent use of the artificial kidney has been an increased awareness of potential hazards from this therapy. Many of the direct and indirect complications of chronic hemodialysis have recently been reviewed by Schreiner et al.1 Reports of dialysis-induced hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia are rare. Whether this complication of hemodialysis is distinctly uncommon, or merely infrequently recognized, has not been established. Recently, failure of the water softener to function produced hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia in our dialysis patients. It is our purpose to describe the symptoms resulting . . .