Spiral fluxlines in irreversible superconducting cylinders

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Abstract
The literature of type II superconductors subjected to parallel currents and fields is reviewed. Certain deficiencies in the pertinent theories are indicated and possible improvements suggested. From a general argument of magnetic reversibility it is concluded that there must be torsional shear stresses in lattices which are in torsional strain. A possible source of the stresses is suggested. Since these stresses are difficult to calculate a particular situation is considered in which the stresses are completely absent. This is a special case of the constant pitch model of spirals in a cylinder. Calculations are performed and compared with experiments on a cylinder of Pb-56 at%Bi alloy to which an increasing field is applied at constant angle to the axis and in the the surface plane of the sample. It is found that the constant pitch model gives best agreement with experiment.