Co-occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in mouldy and healthy corn from Korea

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Abstract
A total of 71 samples consisting of 36 mouldy and 35 visibly healthy corn were collected from Kangwon province of Korea and analysed for 8-ketotrichothecenes, zearalenone (ZEA), and fumonisins, including fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2), and fumonisin B3 (FB3). Five 8-ketotrichothecenes, namely deoxynivalenol (DON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), nivalenol (NIV), and 4-acetylnivalenol (4-ANIV), ZEA, FB1, FB2, and FB3 were detected in corn samples. DON, 15-ADON, 3-ADON, NIV, 4-ANIV, ZEA, FB1, FB2, and FB3 were detected in mouldy corn with mean values of 4.0, 0.9, 0.2, 1.7, 0.4, 0.6, 23.2, 7.5, and 6.3μg/g, respectively. Visibly healthy corn samples were contaminated with lower levels of 8-ketotrichothecenes, ZEA, and fumonisins than mouldy corn samples. However, 5 of 35 healthy corn samples analysed were contaminated with fumonisins at high levels up to 12.5μg/g for FB1, 5.4μg/g for FB2, and 0.5μg/g for FB3. This is the first report on the simultaneous occurrence of trichothecenes, ZEA, and fumonisins in corn from Korea.