DETECTION OF TYPHOID CARRIERS BY AGGLUTINATION TESTS

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Abstract
The sera of approximately 200 apparently normal individuals and 180 chronic typhoid carriers were tested for O and H agglutinins for Salmonella typhi (S. typhosa), and for Vi agglutinins using tests done on slides and in tubes with S. typhi Vi 1 as antigen. Hemagglutination tests using sheep cells sensitized with heated extracts of the Ballerup strain also were done. Tests for O and H agglutinins were of no value in the detection of carriers. Of the Vi agglutination tests, hemagglutination was found to be most useful, since it gave no reaction with sera of control groups and was positive with 91.6% of sera from typhoid carriers. It is emphasized that no serological test nor combination of tests yet devised can be relied upon to detect all carriers of S. typhi.