Studies on Getah Virus: Some Biological, Physicochemical and Antigenic Properties of the MI-110 Strain

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Abstract
Some biological, physicochemical and antigenic properties of the MI-110 strain of Getah virus (GV) were examined at the 10th passage level in African green monkey kidney Vero cell cultures. The virus produced cytopathic effect in a wide variety of cells, including 11 kinds of primary equine fetal cells. It multiplied to the highest titer (107.5 TCID50 [median tissue culture infective dose]/0.2 ml) in primary equine fetal lung, hamster kidney BHK-21, hamster lung HmLu and Vero cell cultures. The MI-110 strain was sensitive to a high concentration of trypsin, an acid pH value of < 5.0, an alkaline pH value of > 10.0 and heating at > 50.degree. C, especially heating in 1M MgCl2 at 50.degree. C. It was unstable at 20 or 37.degree. C but survived at 10.degree. C for 3 mo., at 4.degree. C for 6 mo. and at -20 or -80.degree. C for > 2 yr. In the cross virus neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition and complement fixation (CF) tests, this strain was proved to be quite closely related to the AMM 2021, Haruna and Sakai strains of GV; it was a little more closely related to Sagiyama virus. It had a rather weak antigenic relationship with Ross River, but not with Chikungunya virus, except in the CF test. Four strains of GV, or the AMM 2021, Haruna, MI-110 and Sakai strains, apparently belong antigenically to the same virus and Sagiyama virus might be classified in a subtype of GV.