Isoimmunization after Multiple Transfusions

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Abstract
THE risk of isoimmunization after blood transfusion depends on the relative frequency of blood-group factors, their antigenicity and the number and timing of exposures (transfusions). There have been several approaches to determine the frequency of production of irregular antibodies, but the numbers and sequence of immunologic stimulations are usually not known or the results are based upon selected populations.1 2 3 4 Other investigations have attempted deliberate sensitization, an artificial situation that does not represent standard transfusion practice.5 , 6 However, using gene frequencies and the incidence of antibodies in several populations, Giblett1 has calculated the probability of stimulating one or more antibodies after one . . .