The liberation of chloride ions from organic chloro compounds by tissue extracts

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Abstract
The effect of incubation with tissue (rabbit, guinea pig, and rat) extracts upon the liberation of Cl ions from 29 organic chloro compounds has been examined. Some compounds, including those in which the Cl is directly attached to the benzene ring, do not liberate appreciable amts. of Cl. Some aliphatic chloro compounds which liberate little Cl, e.g. chloral hydrate, butyl chloral hydrate, or none, e.g. trichloroacetamide, hexachloroethane, spontaneously in aqueous soln., liberate considerable amts. in the presence of liver extract; others which liberate considerable amts. of Cl spontaneously, e.g. benzotrichloride (omega-trichlorotoluene), benzyl chloride, liberate even more in the presence of liver extract. The loss in SH content of the extract always observed when Cl ions are liberated suggests that the reaction is largely one between the Cl of the chloro compounds and the SH of SH compounds. The liberation of Cl ions is enchanced by the addition of SH compounds both in the presence and absence of liver extracts. Previous boiling does not greatly diminish the Cl-liberating activity of liver extracts. Thus the liberation of Cl ions in the presence of liver extract is mainly a reaction between chloro compounds and SH compounds which is not enzymatic.