Effect of cuticle removal on the water vapour conductance of egg shells of several species of domestic bird

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Abstract
1. The effect of egg shell cuticle removal, using a 14.7 mM solution of sodium hypochlorite, on the water vapour conductance of egg shells was studied in 5 species of domestic bird. 2. The water vapour conductance of fowl and Muscovy duck egg shells was not affected by the treatment. 3. Cuticle removal increased the conductance of turkey and goose shells, particularly those already relatively porous to water vapour. 4. Removal of cuticles from domestic duck egg shells increased water vapour conductance. In this case the effect was most marked for eggs with lower initial conductances. 5. The differing patterns of resistance to water vapour loss associated with egg shell cuticle are related to the ultrastructure of the cuticle itself, especially the number and size of cuticular fissures. 6. The results suggest that egg shell cuticle is a component in a series of resistances associated with the egg shell and that the use of Fick's Law is insufficient to explain water vapour diffusion across the shell. 7. Embryo survival may be improved by cuticle removal, though this may be limited to those species in which the cuticle restricts water vapour loss in initially low conductance egg shells.