Interrelations among Magnesium, Vitamin B6, Sulfur and Phosphorus in the Formation of Kidney Stones in the Rat

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Abstract
Dietary levels of magnesium, sulfur and phosphorus have been shown to affect markedly the excretion of a variety of urinary constituents and to influence the deposition of renal calcium oxalate in vitamin B6-deficient rats. Diets high in magnesium or low in sulfur-protected rats against stone formation. The protective effect of high magnesium diets was interfered with when the diets were also low in phosphorus even though there was a decrease in the hyperoxaluria associated with vitamin B6 deficiency. Apatite nephrocalcinosis was observed in rats receiving high phosphorus diets containing vitamin B6 and 0.04% of magnesium. In vitamin B6-deficient rats receiving diets high in phosphorus and containing 0.4% magnesium, renal calculi composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate were formed.