Biexcitonic four-wave-mixing signal in quantum wells: Photon-echo versus free-induction decay

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Abstract
We have performed time-integrated as well as time-resolved femtosecond degenerate four-wave-mixing measurements on inhomogeneously broadened (Zn,Cd)Se/ZnSe quantum-well structures. Potential fluctuations due to alloy disorder in the ternary wells give rise to localized quasi-zero-dimensional excitons and biexcitons. For time-integrated detection, they manifest themselves by distinct (disorder-renormalized) quantum beats. Time resolving these transients reveals a free-induction-decay-like emission nature of the biexciton in contrast to the photon-echo exciton contribution. Using a five-level scheme, containing both biexcitons and antibound two-exciton states, this striking emission-type change is explained by fluctuation and correlation effects upon the biexciton binding energy. A combination of time-resolved and time-integrated four-wave mixing is thus a powerful tool to gain information about the disorder in a given kind of quantum structure.