Solid-State NMR Yields Structural Constraints on the V3 Loop from HIV-1 Gp120 Bound to the 447-52D Antibody Fv Fragment

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Abstract
Solid-state NMR measurements were performed on the complex of an 18-residue peptide derived from the V3 loop sequence of the gp120 envelope glycoprotein of the HIV-1 MN strain with Fv fragments of the human anti-gp120 monoclonal antibody 447-52D in a frozen glycerol/water solution. The peptide was uniformly 15N- and 13C-labeled in a 7-residue segment containing the conserved GPGR motif in the epitope. 15N and 13C NMR chemical shift assignments for the labeled segment were obtained from two-dimensional 13C−13C and 15N−13C magic-angle spinning NMR spectra. Reductions in 13C NMR line widths and changes in chemical shifts upon complex formation indicate the adoption of a well-defined, antibody-dependent structure. Intramolecular 13C−13C distances in the complex, which constrain the peptide backbone and side chain conformations in the GPGR motif, were determined from an analysis of rotational resonance (RR) data. Structural constraints from chemical shifts and RR measurements are in good agreement with recent solution NMR and crystallographic studies of this system, although differences regarding structural ordering of certain peptide side chains are noted. These experiments explore and help delineate the utility of solid state NMR techniques as structural probes of peptide/protein complexes in general, potentially including membrane-associated hormone/receptor complexes.